\chapter{Introduction}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\label{ch:1}

\noindent In this section, an introductory paragraph for the chapter must be provided, consisting of 3 to 5 lines. The content should include the purpose of the chapter (e.g., 'This chapter will...'), a summary of the content highlighting the main sub-topics to be discussed, or the final goal explaining how the chapter will enhance the reader's understanding.

\section{Project Background}
\label{sec:bg}

The Project Background section is designed to provide readers with initial context by situating the study within a broader perspective before delving into more specific issues. Its primary function is to establish a comprehensive foundation that helps the audience understand the overall landscape of the research area.

This section begins by introducing a general overview of the topic to provide basic understanding, followed by an explanation of current trends or contemporary scenarios to highlight the topic's immediate importance. By discussing these modern developments, you demonstrate why the research is timely and necessary in today’s environment.

Furthermore, it is essential to state the significance of the study in terms of its impact on industry, society, or the body of knowledge. This may include a brief history of technological or policy evolution if relevant, and should ultimately bridge the gap between theoretical concepts and real-world applications to demonstrate the project's overall relevance.
\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{figure/figure1-1.PNG}
    \vspace{0.1em}
    \caption{Graph 1}
    \label{fig:ch1.1}
\end{figure}

\section{Problem Statements}
\label{sec:prob}

In thesis writing, the Problem Statement is a critical section that identifies the specific issue or gap your research intends to resolve, serving as the fundamental justification for conducting the study. It is essential that this section is written in a cohesive paragraph format rather than bullet points to ensure a logical and persuasive flow of arguments.

The narrative should begin by describing the ideal state, briefly explaining the desired goals or the situation as it should exist within the field. This is immediately followed by a discussion of the current problem, identifying the constraints or failures that prevent that ideal state from being realized. Within the same paragraph structure, you must highlight the research gap by pointing out deficiencies in existing solutions or previous studies that leave the problem unresolved. Furthermore, the impact of the problem should be detailed, explaining the negative consequences—such as costs, time, or safety risks—if the issue persists. Finally, the paragraph should conclude by emphasizing the necessity of the study, stating how your research will address these gaps to provide a superior solution.
Given a set of numbers, there are elementary methods to compute its \acrlong{gcd}, which is abbreviated \acrshort{gcd}. This process is similar to that used for the \acrfull{lcm}. \acrfull{umt} is one of the beautiful univerisity in Malaysia. One of the faculty in \acrshort{umt} is \acrfull{ftkki}. $c$ denotes bla bla bla as shown in Figure~\ref{fig:jack}.

Given a number, there is \acrfull{saas}. \acrshort{saas}

\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{figure/jack ma.png}
    \vspace{0.1em}
    \caption{Jack Ma}
    \label{fig:jack}
\end{figure}

\section{Problem Solution}
\label{sec:sol}
The Problem Solution section must be written in a narrative form or as logically flowing paragraphs rather than in bullet points. Writing in paragraphs allows you to build a strong argument as to why your proposed solution is the best approach to addressing the raised issues. This section begins by directly stating how your project will overcome the identified research gaps. You should describe the technical approach or unique methodology that will be employed to resolve the problem, emphasizing the specific advantages or features of your solution that distinguish it from existing methods that are deemed ineffective or inefficient.

The connection between the Problem Solution and the Problem Statement must be direct and consistent. If the Problem Statement describes the "ailment" (the problem), then the Problem Solution must describe the specific "cure" (the solution) for that ailment. In these paragraphs, you must refer back to the constraints identified in the Problem Statement. For instance, if you stated that high cost is a primary issue in existing systems, your solution paragraph must explain how your design or method significantly reduces those costs. This creates intellectual continuity, demonstrating that your research is not merely theoretical but a strategic response to the real-world issues you previously outlined.
\section{Objectives}
\label{sec:obj}
Research objectives in a thesis or Final Year Project (FYP) must be precise, measurable, and clearly stated in a numbered list. These objectives serve as specific targets that you must achieve to resolve the issues identified in the Problem Statement.

The following are the key guidelines for writing effective objectives:

\begin{itemize}[label=\textbullet]
    \item \textbf{Apply the SMART Principle:} A well-defined objective must be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-bound.
    
    \item \textbf{Start with Action Verbs:} Each objective point must begin with an active verb that can be verified or measured. Commonly used action verbs include:
    \begin{itemize}[label=--]
        \item To design...
        \item To develop...
        \item To analyze...
        \item To evaluate...
        \item To investigate...
    \end{itemize}

    \item \textbf{Number of Objectives:} Typically, for an undergraduate project, the number of objectives ranges between two to three (2--3). Avoid setting too many objectives that may exceed the capacity of your study's scope.

    \item \textbf{Alignment with the Problem Statement:} Ensure that every objective written serves as a direct answer to the problems mentioned in the previous problem statement section.

    \item \textbf{Avoid Vague Verbs:} Do not use verbs that are difficult to measure, such as ``to understand,'' ``to learn,'' or ``to know,'' as the level of comprehension is hard to prove through technical results.
\end{itemize}

\section{Project Scope}
\label{sec:scope}

The Project Scope in a thesis aims to establish the boundaries of the study, ensuring the research remains focused and achievable within the designated timeframe. The following are the key guidelines for writing an effective scope:

\begin{itemize}[label=\textbullet]
    \item \textbf{Establishing Boundaries:} Clearly state what will be included and, more importantly, what will \textit{not} be included in your study. This prevents unrealistic expectations from readers or examiners.
    
    \item \textbf{Technical and Equipment Limitations:} Explain the specific software, hardware, or programming languages used. For example, if you are building an application, specify if it is limited to the Android platform only.
    
    \item \textbf{Study Area or Population:} If the study involves human data or specific locations, clearly state the demographics, age limits, or geographic locations involved.
    
    \item \textbf{Parameters and Variables:} Specify the variables being studied and the limit of values used (e.g., temperature between 20°C and 50°C only).
    
    \item \textbf{Timeframe:} Where relevant, state specific timelines or phases that are the primary focus of the project development.
\end{itemize}

\section{Thesis Outline}
\label{sec:outline}
The following is the structured outline of this thesis, organized into five chapters to provide a clear and logical flow of the research. Chapter 1 introduces the project by establishing the research background, defining the problem statement, and outlining the objectives, scope, and significance of the study. Chapter 2 presents the literature review, which discusses relevant theories, previous studies, and reference sources essential to the project's foundation. In Chapter 3, the research methodology is detailed, explaining the methods, flowcharts, system designs, or experimental procedures employed to achieve the stated objectives. Chapter 4 focuses on results and discussion, where the obtained data is presented alongside an analytical and critical interpretation of the findings. Finally, Chapter 5 concludes the thesis by summarizing the overall research outcomes and proposing recommendations for future improvements.
\lipsum[1-1] . \acrshort{umt} focusses on fisheries.

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